1. Possible reasons why customers have no confidence in project quality
The project manager has too simple understanding of project quality and only uses simple tests to carry out important project quality. In addition to the quality of the delivery results, the quality of the project also includesproject managementThe quality of the project is not established and the quality of the delivery results can only be guaranteed. The test can only guarantee that the quality is truly in line with the needs of the user, nor can the process be approached, controlled and improved. A feasible quality management plan is not formulated for the project and actively implemented. Only the test report is submitted to the customer but the report (or implementation report) of the progress of the total quality management, and the communication method is single (or incomplete), which can easily mislead users and cause unnecessary worries from customers or users.
2. What should the project quality management plan generally include
Generally include:
1 Quality policy, expectations and policies on quality proposed by the decision-making department of the project stakeholder.
2 Quality objectives, various indicators that should be achieved by project management quality and project delivery results.
3. Quality management activities, important quality management activities for the project, such as quality management workflow. That is, 1. Quality responsibility and personnel division of labor (or responsibilities). 2 Organizational structure. 3. Programs and processes (or the standards for each process of the project and their basis).
4. Methods, tools and key points of quality control (or quality review and quality assurance methods).
5 Resources required for quality management.
6 Acceptance standards.
3. How to implement the quality assurance of the project
1First implement the project's quality management plan.
2 Use quality assurance tools and technologies (such as tools and technologies used in preparing quality plans, quality audits, quality control, process analysis and benchmark analysis), etc.
3. Propose corresponding quality rectification measures, such as suggested corrective measures, possible updates to project plans, possible updates to organizational assets, and requests for change.
4. The difference and connection between quality control and assurance
Quality assurance mainly tracks the process according to the established quality plan and strives to improve quality, while quality control judges whether the specific results of the project meet quality standards and makes corresponding decisions. Both are processes and means of project quality management. The specific differences and connections are as follows:
1 Quality planning is the common basis for quality control and quality assurance.
2. Meeting quality requirements is the common goal (objective) of quality control and quality assurance.
3 The quality assurance of mail is the input of quality control in the next stage.
4 The results of quality control within a certain period of time are also the subject of quality audit of quality assurance. The results of quality assurance can guide the quality work in the next stage, including quality control and quality improvement.
5 Quality assurance is generally carried out every certain period of time, as at the end of the stage, and mainly through a systematic quality audit to verify the quality of the project (or quality assurance is done correctly according to the quality management plan).
6 Quality control is to monitor whether the project meets relevant quality standards in real time and formulate effective plans to eliminate the causes of quality problems (or whether the quality control inspection is done correctly and corrected).
5. How to understand the concept of quality during the construction of information system projects
Quality includes project delivery results and project management results, and is a key measure relative to user needs. It is a provision for the degree to which the standards defined by the scope are required. The same result has different quality for different users. In addition, quality emphasizes meeting needs within a certain time frame.
6. The role of project documents
In the information system project, the documentation functions as follows:
1. Bridge and communication functions. It is a consensus reached by project members on the system.
2Clear the responsibilities of stakeholders. The documents have corresponding responsible persons, and in addition, it can be based on evidence when backtracking the problem.
3. Convenient to understand the system. Especially for maintenance personnel, understanding the system is often related to the efficiency and success or failure of system maintenance.
4 Carry out quality management and quantify various invisible indicators in the project. In addition, the system's user manual is also a guide for users during use.
7. What are the methods to improve the quality of information system projects?
The following aspects can effectively improve the quality of project delivery results.
1 Through strong leadership, implement the concept of quality from top to bottom.
2 Establish an organizational project management system.
3 Establish an organization-level project quality management system.
4 Establish a project-level incentive system and try and encourage all employees to participate in management.
5 Focus on improving the quality of various documents generated during project implementation.
6. Use standardized maturityModelTo guide your own organization and architecture construction.
7 Control the relationship between cost and quality, and try to achieve higher quality through good management at limited costs.
8. Form the habit of quality improvement. Quality improvement should become a habit and procedure within an organization, and truly play the role of quality improvement.
8. How to understand project stakeholders in the quality management start-up plan
In the construction of information system projects, there are often stakeholders in the following aspects:
1 The construction party of the system is the source of demand and the final verification party of quality.
2. The contractor of the system, the project quality goals can be achieved in the various activities of the contractor and are the implementers of quality.
3. The supervisor of the project, the supervisor is the third party that performs the supervision role, and evaluates and examines the various work of the contractor from a technical perspective.
4 project maintenance party. It is the unit that modifies and upgrades the system after the system is completed, and part of the quality is responsible for the maintenance party.
5. The investors of the project, and the investors of the project pay full responsibility for the quality of the project for consideration of the safety of their investment, and the project quality manager must gain their trust and support.
9. What are the general contents of the project’s quality documents and quality planning work?
Project quality documents generally include the following contents:
1 Quality Assurance Outline.
2 technical documents.
3 Quality work plan.
4 Quality work plan. The project quality plan is generally composed of the following aspects: 1. Input elements: quality policies and policies, function list, and delivery results description. 2 Processing. With cost of benefit analysis, benchmarks and various flow charts. 3 output. Quality management plan, specific operating instructions, inspection forms.
10. Most problems will exist in the project quality work start meeting
The quality work launch meeting is an important meeting for the launch of the entire project. Most have problems;
1 Before the meeting, each stakeholder did not make a preliminary division of his responsibilities according to his needs.
2. I did not recognize my own quality goals well for the responsibilities after division.
3 The quality management staff of the contractor were not regarded as the protagonist of the meeting.
4 The supervisor has not made technical recognition of the contractor's plans and measures.
5 The construction party did not consider whether the needs were clearly expressed, whether each quality indicator can meet its own needs, etc.
6 The quality work launch meeting did not emphasize the participation of all staff, because the particularity and importance of quality work determine that quality work must be enforced, especially for senior leaders of each stakeholder and managers of project organizations must participate.
7 Quality work has not been implemented strongly from top to bottom, so it has not been guaranteed.
8 At the meeting, the stakeholders did not reach a consensus on quality objectives, and at the same time formed resolutions on related issues.
9 The quality policies and guidelines for this project have not been released, and the quality goals and work responsibilities in all aspects have been clarified, and a work system for project quality management has been opened to form a process-based project management work system.
11. The company will fall into the role of "firefighter"
1The project delivery results themselves are flawed, such as instability or imperfect functionalities.
2 The project delivery results did not achieve the predetermined functional requirements.
3 projects are inRequirements AnalysisThe accuracy of the user's needs analysis and refinement in the stage is insufficient, and some important needs have not been discovered.
4 With the changes in time and environment, customers have created new needs.
5 Due to incomplete documentation, on the one hand, users cannot solve some usage problems, and on the other hand, the maintenance work efficiency is not improved. In the final analysis, it is because previous projects do not pay attention to quality management issues.
12. What is quality control
Quality control is part of project quality management, mainly to evaluate project results to determine whether they meet quality goals, and to find out the reasons for the non-compliance.
13. What are the basic methods of quality control?
1 Data statistics method: questionnaire, histogram, scatter plot, arrangement chart, causal chart, control chart.
2 language description method: association diagram, system diagram, KJ, matrix diagram, matrixData Analysis, process decision-making procedures and arrow bar charts.
3 Process energy method: process capability index.
4 Dynamic control method: control chart.
5 Qualified Control Method
14. How to maintain quality
1. Carry out quality control of maintenance work and do relevant documentation.
2. If conditions permit, document construction of delivered systems, especially user manual construction.
3 Establish an organization-level quality management system and related standards and specifications, gain the support and trust of senior leaders, carry out overall cultivation of quality control concepts, and implement strict quality control work in future work.
15. What is project quality assurance
Quality assurance is to establish information about the quality of the project by the various stakeholders of the project during the implementation of the information system project. For users, they believe that the current work is close to their target system; for the contractor, it is mainly to ensure that the middle and senior leaders that the current work will meet the needs of users. In addition, quality assurance also has the effect of quality improvement. Through the comparison and analysis of quality control data, methods and suggestions for quality improvement are derived.
16. The basic connotation of quality assurance
1 is an external quality assurance that enables users to build trust in project quality.
2. Ensure that the middle and senior leaders of the contractor have trust in the current work.
17. What are the functions of quality assurance
1 is an important part of ensuring quality.
2 Provides the foundation and method for continuous quality improvement.
3 Provide project stakeholders with trust in quality.
4 is an important part of project quality management.
5 Together with quality control, it constitutes the tracking and guarantee of quality.
18. The basis for quality assurance
1 Quality management plan. Including organizational structure, division of responsibilities, procedures and processes, processes and resources, etc.
2. Quality control measurement results. By comparing and analyzing the records and tables generated by quality control, methods and suggestions for quality improvement are proposed.
3 Quality standards. It is a reference for evaluating quality
19. Basic Activities in Quality Assurance
1 Determining quality standards is the initial work content to ensure. This content mainly measures the technical parameters and indicators of the target system by analyzing customer needs and combining the current technological development status, and establishing a benchmark for quality evaluation. When determining, you can refer to the corresponding international, national, local, industry and enterprise standards, and then make a comprehensive selection based on the strength of the contractor.
2 Determine the quality assurance process. Quality assurance is a process that is constantly repeated, and it spirals up in the process of continuous repetition. For the process, it is mainly quality monitoring, processing process after problem discovery, improvement process after processing, etc.
3 Establish a quality assurance system. Before the project is implemented, a corresponding quality assurance system is established within the enterprise, but after the project is implemented, it must also be customized for the project and refer to the existing quality assurance system. This includes formulating knowledge training, establishing corresponding quality assurance system evaluation systems and specifications, and formulating specific implementation measures.
20. How to establish a corresponding quality assurance system
1Unified understanding and decision-making.
2. Organize and implement.
3. Provide quality assurance training for relevant personnel.
4 Develop a work plan.
5. Formulate quality assurance policies and goals for quality assurance.
6 Clarify the process and process.
7. Design the quality assurance system.
8 Prepare a series of documents related to the quality assurance system.
21. Main work in the implementation of the quality assurance system
1. Organizational coordination.
2 Quality supervision and monitoring.
3 Quality information feedback.
4. Review and review of the quality assurance system itself
22. Information system supervision
It refers to the process in which an unit registered with the government's industrial and commercial administration department and has the qualification to supervise and manage the entire process of information system construction and implementation in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, industry and technical standards and supervision contracts.
23. System supervision function
1 Provide technical reference and consultation for owners. 2 Supervise the operation of the contractor from a technical perspective. 3. Ensure the quality of project delivery results and the results of project management. 4 Coordinate relationships in all aspects.
24. Supervision content: four controls, three management and one coordination
Four controls: quality, progress, change, and investment.
Three management: information, security, and contract management.
1 Coordination: Coordinate the relationship between owners, builders, equipment and material suppliers, etc.
25. What is the role of information system supervision for quality?
1. Control costs. It mainly includes three aspects: first, the system design and construction plan proposed by the contractor is reviewed; the process is supervised during implementation to form a cash flow statement; after the project is implemented, an overall evaluation and analysis is carried out.
2 Quality control of deliverables. Ensure that the system can meet the requirements in a day-to-day manner and meet the requirements of reliability, security, ease of use and portability.
3 Make good records of the entire construction process and make it well documented. 4. Supervise the quality of project management results.